Compensating press



L. BARTELSTONE.

COMPENSATING PRESS. APPLICATION FILED AUG-8, 1919.

Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- L. BARTELSTONBI UOMPENSAHNG PRESS.

APPLICATION HLED AUG.8, I919.

1,334,588w Patented Mar.,23, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. LOUIS IBABTELSTONE, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COMPENSATING PRESS.

Application filed August 8.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, LOUIS BARTELSTONE, a citizen of the United States, and residin at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings an State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Oompensatin Press, of which the following specification is a full disclosure. a p

This invention proposes an apparatus for the purpose of subjecting plates or sheets graduated pressures, especlally under conditions demanding peculiar local distributions of pressure, or of progressive increases in pressure from one or more points of localized intensity.

In certain industries, use is made of socalled glass sandwiches; these consisting of two plates of glass securely cemented to an intervening sheet of some non-brittle, transparent material. These so-cal1edsandwiches are regarded as defective unless the adhesion is perfectly continuous and free from any weakly adhering areas since the latter would shortly form what are known is blisters. The aforesaid plates are cemented together through the application of a very considerable amount of pressure tov gether with an application of heat. Unless this pressure is applied vcrycarefully, and unless it is caused to increase in a properly distributed manner, the resulting sandwiches will be defective,v either through breakage or lack (if-continuous adhesion.

,The apparatus henein disclosed is perfectly adapted to retain a plurality of the aforesaid sandwiches while in process of "formation; to hold the plates securely against premature slippage, and to enable thepressur'e to be applied initially at a single point and to subsequently be applied to more remote points until the proper con tinuity of adhesion has been attained.

Other objects will be in part obvious from the annexed drawings and in, part indicated in connection therewith by the following analysis ofthis invention; 7

This invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of parts and in the unique relation of the members and inthe relative proportioning and disposition thereof; all as more completely outlined herein. 7

To enable others skilled in the art so Y fully to comprehend the underlying features thereof that they may embody the same by the numerous modifications in structure and Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 316,082.

relation contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred form have been annexed as a part of this disclosure, and in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which:

Figure 1 is a perspective of an apparatus embodying this invention showing a plurality of plates under compression while detained against lateral slippage. Fig. 2 is a perspective of a cage or knock-down frame adapted to inclose the edges of the plate and to preserve alinement thereof. Fig. 3 is 'a fragmental cross section showing a plurality of sandwiches with their respective separators, arranged in a pile between two pressure members. Fig. 4: 1s a top View of the device shown by Fig. 1.. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one of the movable pressure bars showing two of the spring jacks in place and indicating by circles the location of the other spring jacks; and Fig. 6 is a section. through line 6-6' of Fig. 4 and Fi .5, v 9 v ontinuing now by way of more detailed description, Figs. 3 and 6 show in cross section a number of sandwiches 1, 2, 3, 4:, 5 and 6, separated by means of spacers 7 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, consisting ofsheets of blotting paper or other suitable material. These ,sand wiches consist each of two plates of glass X and Z with an intervening sheet of transparent material Y ri idly and continuously adhering thereto. he pile thus formed lies between two similarly shaped ressure plates A and B, and by means of the instrumentality to be described hereinafter, all of these parts are strongly pressed togethen and the pressure is main tained during a suitable heating period.

A pecularity of my process for efl'ecting adhesion of the elements constituting the socalled sandwiches resides in the unique manner in which the pressure is initially started and ultimately brought to its final continuing status. That is to say, when i the elements 'consituting each sandwich are initially brought together, their con-,-

' posing central jacksC paired.

ling the excess of fluid together with any air bubbles in an outwardly direction toward the edges. While the pressure in the central area is on the increase, pressures'must then originate in immediately adjacent regions, and also gradually increase; and in like manner, pressures must subsequently ori inate and gradually increase in successive y portionately affecting the general distribution of the pressure and must prevent any outermost regions from receiving more severe pressures than the central regions, otherwise air bubbles or excesses of the cementing fluid would remain imprisoned andthe continuity of the adhesion would be im- This invention accordingly contemplates a plurality-of resilient or elastic pressure elements so arranged and constructed that the central. elements may be brought into action in advance of the outlyin elements, andcause to exert the pressure w ich grows in intensity at a rate at least equal to that of the outlying elements, until they all are exerting substantially equal pressure. -In' this present form, these pressure elements consist of spring jacks C constructed as disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 306,027 filed on June 23, 1919. These jacks are preferably arranged to bear at one end against a rigid inclosed frame consisting of two channel bars D and E held together near their ends by tension rods F which preferabl are threaded at one end to receive nuts whereby the distance between the channel bars may be regulated. .The spring jacks C are distributed in some such manner as is indicated by Fig. 5, so that their inner ends bear against .the pressure members, A and B. After these acks are arranged in place with the pile intervening, as shown by Fig. 6, the interare first adjusted until they indicate a predetermined pres sure.- The' jacks C are then'adjusted, but

notin'excess of the-pressure registered by the jacks C. The jacks'C' are then likewise adjusted but not in-excess .of the ressure indicatedby jacks C. Then the acks C, C", and so on, are adjusted in like manner. This 0 eration may be repeated until finally all ,0 thejacksmay register equalpressures.

In order to prevent any sldeshp' durmg the foregoing development of pressure, a

collapsib e frame shown by Fig. 2 may be employed. This frame consists of side members H, I, J and K which are hinged together 'at their ends, and which are preferably composed of comparativelheavy heat conducting material, such as rass, so that the heating and coolin of the plates inclosed thereb may be exp oited. In order to enable sai aforesaid frame to be readily removed and applied, one of its hinged pins, indicated by 14, may be constructed so as to be easily withdrawn; or any other clasp may be employed.

In operation, it has been found that the foregoing apparatus is eminently adapted to effect a correct development of pressures so that articles presenting rather extensive areas may be caused to adhere perfectly. The apparatus possesses the characteristic of be ing self-compensating so that any irregularities or variations in thickness in the plates of glass (which are commercially unavoidable) will be compensated for correctly and efiectively. Any flexing of the pressure members A and B due to such irregularities will not affect the distribution or the development of the pressures, and consequently, it has been found by means of this apparatus, that sandwiches may be made without breakage and without imperfections in adhesion. While coil springs have been illustrated as a means of obtainmg resilient pressures, it will be understood that other equivalents therefor, such as pneumatic plungers, or magnetic solenoids may be used.

' Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can by ap lying current knowledge readily adapt it or various applications without omitting certain features that, from the standpoint of the prior art fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention, and therefore such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meanin and range of equivalenc of the following claims.

aving thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations of steps and elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. Anyapparatus of the nature disclosed combining two ressure members and a multiplicity of in e endently acting resilient elements arrang to operate against the respective externalfaces of said. pressure members.

2. A compensating press combining a pair of pressure members; a series of individually adjustable pressure elements operating the respective external faces'of said pressure elements; and non-yielding means for receiving the counter-thrusts of said elements.

3. A pressure distributing apparatus combining a press-head; a plurality of resiliently acting devices distributed throughout the area of said press-head; means for receiving the counter-thrust of said devices;

and adjustment means adapted to be regulated whereby the thrust again'stsaid presshead may be progressively increased in its respective portions at a rate inversely pro-. portional to the intensity of the pressure at a central region thereof.

4. A self-compensating press combining two pressure members adapted to receive therebetween sheets of material to be pressed; a non-yielding base, a series of individual pressure-exerting devices intervening between said base and one of said pressure members; and a marginal frame element cooperating with said pressure members.

5. A press combining two fiat pressure members, adapted to receive therebetween sheets to be subjected to pressure; a removable margin frame adapted to bear against the edges of said sheets to prevent lateral movement'thereof; and resilient mechanism for exerting pressure on said sheets through the agency of said pressure members.

6. An apparatus of the nature disclosed combining two pressure members; a marginframe circumscribing said members; and a multiplicity of independently acting resilient elements arranged to operate against the respective external faces of said pressure members.

7 Q A compensating press combining a pair of pressure members; a margin-frame circumscribing said members; a series of individually adjustable pressure elements operating the respective external faces of said pressure elements; and non-yielding means for receiving the counter-thrusts of said elements.

8. A pressure distributing apparatus combining a press-head; a margin-frame circumscribing said head 5 a plurality of resiliently actin devices dlstributed throughout the area 0 said press-head; means for receiving the counter-thrust of said devices; and adjustment means adapted to be regulated whereby the thrust against said presshead may be progressively increased in its respective portions at a rate inversely proportional to the intensity of the pressure at a central region thereof.

9. A self-compensating press combining two pressure members. adapted to receive therebetween sheets of material to be pressed; a non-yielding base, a series of individually adjustable pressure-exerting devices intervening between said base and one of said pressure members; and a marginal frame element coiiperating with said pressure members.

10. A press combining two flat pressure members, adapted to receive therebetween sheets to be subjected to pressure; a removable margin-frame adapted to bear against the edges of said sheets to prevent lateral movement thereof; and universally adjustable resilient mechanism for exerting pressure on said sheets through the agency of said pressure members.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe myname, as attested by the two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS BARTELSTONE.

Witnesses:

BERI'HE MUELLER, ALBERT F NATHAN. 

